Unit+4+Cells

Unit 4: Cells
Notes Videos Shown in Class Links to Online Text Activities/Interactives

Chapters 6, 7, & 8

Code Content Expectation** Organic Molecules There are four major categories of organic molecules that make up living systems: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids. Explain how carbon can join to other carbon atoms in chains and rings to form large and complex molecules. Recognize the six most common elements in organic molecules. Describe the composition of the four major categories of organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids). Explain the general structure and primary functions of the major complex organic molecules that compose living organisms. Describe how dehydration and hydrolysis relate to organic molecules. Proteins Protein molecules are long, usually folded chains composed mostly of amino acids and are made of C, H, O, and N. Protein molecules assemble fats and carbohydrates; they function as enzymes, structural components, and hormones. The function of each protein molecule depends on its specific sequence of amino acids and the shape of the molecule. Explain the role of enzymes and other proteins in biochemical functions (e.g., the protein hemoglobin carries oxygen in some organisms, digestive enzymes and hormones). Cell Specialization In multicellular organisms, specialized cells perform specialized functions. Organs and organ systems are composed of cells and function to serve the needs of cells for food, air, and waste removal. The way in which cells function is similar in all living organisms. Recognize and describe that both living and nonliving things are composed of compounds, which are themselves made up of elements joined by energy containing bonds, such as those in ATP. Explain that some structures in the modern eukaryotic cell developed from early prokaryotes, such as mitochondria, and in plants, chloroplasts. Living Organism Composition All living or once-living organisms are composed of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates and lipids contain many carbon-hydrogen bonds that also store energy Recognize and explain that macromolecules such as lipids contain high energy bonds. Compare and contrast plant and animal cells. Explain the role of cell membranes as a highly selective barrier (diffusion, osmosis, and active transport). Relate cell parts/organelles to their functions.
 * __BIOLOGY UNIT 4 - Cells__
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